Real Solutions to Equations from Geometry

2011-08-31
Real Solutions to Equations from Geometry

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  • Author: Frank Sottile
  • Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
  • ISBN: 0821853317
  • Category : Mathematics
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 214

Understanding, finding, or even deciding on the existence of real solutions to a system of equations is a difficult problem with many applications outside of mathematics. While it is hopeless to expect much in general, we know a surprising amount about these questions for systems which possess additional structure often coming from geometry. This book focuses on equations from toric varieties and Grassmannians. Not only is much known about these, but such equations are common in applications. There are three main themes: upper bounds on the number of real solutions, lower bounds on the number of real solutions, and geometric problems that can have all solutions be real. The book begins with an overview, giving background on real solutions to univariate polynomials and the geometry of sparse polynomial systems. The first half of the book concludes with fewnomial upper bounds and with lower bounds to sparse polynomial systems. The second half of the book begins by sampling some geometric problems for which all solutions can be real, before devoting the last five chapters to the Shapiro Conjecture, in which the relevant polynomial systems have only real solutions.

Algorithms in Real Algebraic Geometry

2013-03-09
Algorithms in Real Algebraic Geometry

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  • Author: Saugata Basu
  • Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
  • ISBN: 3662053551
  • Category : Mathematics
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 602

In this first-ever graduate textbook on the algorithmic aspects of real algebraic geometry, the main ideas and techniques presented form a coherent and rich body of knowledge, linked to many areas of mathematics and computing. Mathematicians already aware of real algebraic geometry will find relevant information about the algorithmic aspects. Researchers in computer science and engineering will find the required mathematical background. This self-contained book is accessible to graduate and undergraduate students.

Algebraic Geometry for Scientists and Engineers

1990
Algebraic Geometry for Scientists and Engineers

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  • Author: Shreeram Shankar Abhyankar
  • Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
  • ISBN: 0821815350
  • Category : Mathematics
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 295

This book, based on lectures presented in courses on algebraic geometry taught by the author at Purdue University, is intended for engineers and scientists (especially computer scientists), as well as graduate students and advanced undergraduates in mathematics. In addition to providing a concrete or algorithmic approach to algebraic geometry, the author also attempts to motivate and explain its link to more modern algebraic geometry based on abstract algebra.The book covers various topics in the theory of algebraic curves and surfaces, such as rational and polynomial parametrization, functions and differentials on a curve, branches and valuations, and resolution of singularities. The emphasis is on presenting heuristic ideas and suggestive arguments rather than formal proofs. Readers will gain new insight into the subject of algebraic geometry in a way that should increase appreciation of modern treatments of the subject, as well as enhance its utility in applications in science and industry.

Glimpses of Soliton Theory

2023-03-30
Glimpses of Soliton Theory

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  • Author: Alex Kasman
  • Publisher: American Mathematical Society
  • ISBN: 1470472627
  • Category : Mathematics
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 366

This book challenges and intrigues from beginning to end. It would be a treat to use for a capstone course or senior seminar. —William J. Satzer, MAA Reviews on Glimpses of Soliton Theory (First Edition) Solitons are nonlinear waves which behave like interacting particles. When first proposed in the 19th century, leading mathematical physicists denied that such a thing could exist. Now they are regularly observed in nature, shedding light on phenomena like rogue waves and DNA transcription. Solitons of light are even used by engineers for data transmission and optical switches. Furthermore, unlike most nonlinear partial differential equations, soliton equations have the remarkable property of being exactly solvable. Explicit solutions to those equations provide a rare window into what is possible in the realm of nonlinearity. Glimpses of Soliton Theory reveals the hidden connections discovered over the last half-century that explain the existence of these mysterious mathematical objects. It aims to convince the reader that, like the mirrors and hidden pockets used by magicians, the underlying algebro-geometric structure of soliton equations provides an elegant explanation of something seemingly miraculous. Assuming only multivariable calculus and linear algebra, the book introduces the reader to the KdV Equation and its multisoliton solutions, elliptic curves and Weierstrass $wp$-functions, the algebra of differential operators, Lax Pairs and their use in discovering other soliton equations, wedge products and decomposability, the KP Hierarchy, and Sato's theory relating the Bilinear KP Equation to the geometry of Grassmannians. Notable features of the book include: careful selection of topics and detailed explanations to make the subject accessible to undergraduates, numerous worked examples and thought-provoking exercises, footnotes and lists of suggested readings to guide the interested reader to more information, and use of Mathematica® to facilitate computation and animate solutions. The second edition refines the exposition in every chapter, adds more homework exercises and projects, updates references, and includes new examples involving non-commutative integrable systems. Moreover, the chapter on KdV multisolitons has been greatly expanded with new theorems providing a thorough analysis of their behavior and decomposition.

Elementary Algebra

2010-01-05
Elementary Algebra

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  • Author: Maria H. Andersen
  • Publisher: Cengage Learning
  • ISBN: 9780538493604
  • Category : Algebra
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 0

Methods of Solving Nonstandard Problems

2015-09-17
Methods of Solving Nonstandard Problems

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  • Author: Ellina Grigorieva
  • Publisher: Birkhäuser
  • ISBN: 3319198874
  • Category : Mathematics
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 327

This book, written by an accomplished female mathematician, is the second to explore nonstandard mathematical problems – those that are not directly solved by standard mathematical methods but instead rely on insight and the synthesis of a variety of mathematical ideas. It promotes mental activity as well as greater mathematical skills, and is an ideal resource for successful preparation for the mathematics Olympiad. Numerous strategies and techniques are presented that can be used to solve intriguing and challenging problems of the type often found in competitions. The author uses a friendly, non-intimidating approach to emphasize connections between different fields of mathematics and often proposes several different ways to attack the same problem. Topics covered include functions and their properties, polynomials, trigonometric and transcendental equations and inequalities, optimization, differential equations, nonlinear systems, and word problems. Over 360 problems are included with hints, answers, and detailed solutions. Methods of Solving Nonstandard Problems will interest high school and college students, whether they are preparing for a math competition or looking to improve their mathematical skills, as well as anyone who enjoys an intellectual challenge and has a special love for mathematics. Teachers and college professors will be able to use it as an extra resource in the classroom to augment a conventional course of instruction in order to stimulate abstract thinking and inspire original thought.

Geometry

2010-09-23
Geometry

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  • Author: Audun Holme
  • Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
  • ISBN: 3642144411
  • Category : Mathematics
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 519

This is a revised edition of the ?rst printing which appeared in 2002. The book is based on lectures at the University of Bergen, Norway.Over the years these lectures have covered many different aspects and facets of the wonderful ?eld of geometry. Consequently it has never been possible to give a full and ?nal account of geometry as such, at an undergraduatelevel: A carefully consideredselection has always been necessary. The present book constitutes the main central themes of these selections. One of the groups I am aiming at, is future teachers of mathematics. All too oftenthe textsdealingwith geometrywhichgo intothe syllabusforteacher-students present the material in ways which appear pedantic and formalistic, suppressing the very powerful and dynamic character of this old ?eld, which at the same time so young. Geometry is a ?eld of mathematical insight, research, history and source of artistic inspiration. And not least important, an integral part of our common cultural heritage.

Painleve Equations in the Differential Geometry of Surfaces

2003-07-01
Painleve Equations in the Differential Geometry of Surfaces

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  • Author: Alexander I. Bobenko TU Berlin
  • Publisher: Springer
  • ISBN: 3540444521
  • Category : Mathematics
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 120

This book brings together two different branches of mathematics: the theory of Painlev and the theory of surfaces. Self-contained introductions to both these fields are presented. It is shown how some classical problems in surface theory can be solved using the modern theory of Painlev equations. In particular, an essential part of the book is devoted to Bonnet surfaces, i.e. to surfaces possessing families of isometries preserving the mean curvature function. A global classification of Bonnet surfaces is given using both ingredients of the theory of Painlev equations: the theory of isomonodromic deformation and the Painlev property. The book is illustrated by plots of surfaces. It is intended to be used by mathematicians and graduate students interested in differential geometry and Painlev equations. Researchers working in one of these areas can become familiar with another relevant branch of mathematics.

Problems and Solutions in Mathematics

2011
Problems and Solutions in Mathematics

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  • Author: Ji-Xiu Chen
  • Publisher: World Scientific
  • ISBN: 9814304964
  • Category : Mathematics
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 804

This book contains a selection of more than 500 mathematical problems and their solutions from the PhD qualifying examination papers of more than ten famous American universities. The mathematical problems cover six aspects of graduate school mathematics: Algebra, Topology, Differential Geometry, Real Analysis, Complex Analysis and Partial Differential Equations. While the depth of knowledge involved is not beyond the contents of the textbooks for graduate students, discovering the solution of the problems requires a deep understanding of the mathematical principles plus skilled techniques. For students, this book is a valuable complement to textbooks. Whereas for lecturers teaching graduate school mathematics, it is a helpful reference.

Unknown Quantity

2006-05-02
Unknown Quantity

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  • Author: John Derbyshire
  • Publisher: National Academies Press
  • ISBN: 030916480X
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 390

Prime Obsession taught us not to be afraid to put the math in a math book. Unknown Quantity heeds the lesson well. So grab your graphing calculators, slip out the slide rules, and buckle up! John Derbyshire is introducing us to algebra through the ages-and it promises to be just what his die-hard fans have been waiting for. "Here is the story of algebra." With this deceptively simple introduction, we begin our journey. Flanked by formulae, shadowed by roots and radicals, escorted by an expert who navigates unerringly on our behalf, we are guaranteed safe passage through even the most treacherous mathematical terrain. Our first encounter with algebraic arithmetic takes us back 38 centuries to the time of Abraham and Isaac, Jacob and Joseph, Ur and Haran, Sodom and Gomorrah. Moving deftly from Abel's proof to the higher levels of abstraction developed by Galois, we are eventually introduced to what algebraists have been focusing on during the last century. As we travel through the ages, it becomes apparent that the invention of algebra was more than the start of a specific discipline of mathematics-it was also the birth of a new way of thinking that clarified both basic numeric concepts as well as our perception of the world around us. Algebraists broke new ground when they discarded the simple search for solutions to equations and concentrated instead on abstract groups. This dramatic shift in thinking revolutionized mathematics. Written for those among us who are unencumbered by a fear of formulae, Unknown Quantity delivers on its promise to present a history of algebra. Astonishing in its bold presentation of the math and graced with narrative authority, our journey through the world of algebra is at once intellectually satisfying and pleasantly challenging.