Non-equilibrium Energy Transformation Processes

2014-05-22
Non-equilibrium Energy Transformation Processes

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  • Author: Viktor Holubec
  • Publisher: Springer
  • ISBN: 3319070916
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 152

Various experimental techniques have been advanced in recent years to measure non-equilibrium energy transformations on the microscopic scale of single molecules. In general, the systems studied in the corresponding experiments are exposed to strong thermal fluctuations and thus the relevant energetic variables such as work and heat become stochastic. This thesis addresses challenging theoretical problems in this active field of current research: 1) Exact analytical solutions of work and heat distributions for isothermal non-equilibrium processes in suitable models are obtained; 2) Corresponding solutions for cyclic processes involving two different heat reservoirs are found; 3) Optimization of periodic driving protocols for such cyclic processes with respect to maximal output power, efficiency and minimal power fluctuations is studied. The exact solutions for work and heat distributions provide a reference for theoretical investigations of more complicated models, giving insight into the structure of the tail of work distributions and serving as valuable test cases for simulations of the underlying stochastic processes.

Single Molecule Biophysics and Poisson Process Approach to Statistical Mechanics

2016-04-01
Single Molecule Biophysics and Poisson Process Approach to Statistical Mechanics

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  • Author: Susanta K Sarkar
  • Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
  • ISBN: 1681741164
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 74

This is an overview of single molecule physics, the study of both equilibrium and non-equilibrium properties at the single molecule level. It begins with an introduction to this fascinating science and includes a chapter on how to build the most popular instrument for single molecule biophysics, the total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscope. It concludes with the Poisson process approach to statistical mechanics, explaining how to relate the process to diverse areas and see how data analysis and error bars are integral parts of science.

The Papers of Independent Authors, volume 28

The Papers of Independent Authors, volume 28

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  • Author: Solomon Khmelnik
  • Publisher: Lulu.com
  • ISBN: 1312236760
  • Category :
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 188

Stochastic Dynamics and Energetics of Biomolecular Systems

2015-11-28
Stochastic Dynamics and Energetics of Biomolecular Systems

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  • Author: Artem Ryabov
  • Publisher: Springer
  • ISBN: 3319271881
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 118

This thesis both broadens and deepens our understanding of the Brownian world. It addresses new problems in diffusion theory that have recently attracted considerable attention, both from the side of nanotechnology and from the viewpoint of pure academic research. The author focusses on the difussion of interacting particles in restricted geometries and under externally controlled forces. These geometries serve, for example, to model ion transport through narrow channels in cell membranes or a Brownian particle diffusing in an optical trap, now a paradigm for both theory and experiment. The work is exceptional in obtaining explicit analytically formulated answers to such realistic, experimentally relevant questions. At the same time, with its detailed exposition of the problems and a complete set of references, it presents a clear and broadly accessible introduction to the domain. Many of the problem settings and the corresponding exact asymptotic laws are completely new in diffusion theory.

Solar to Chemical Energy Conversion

2016-01-25
Solar to Chemical Energy Conversion

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  • Author: Masakazu Sugiyama
  • Publisher: Springer
  • ISBN: 3319254006
  • Category : Technology & Engineering
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 489

This book explains the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy and its storage. It covers the basic background; interface modeling at the reacting surface; energy conversion with chemical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical approaches and energy conversion using applied photosynthesis. The important concepts for converting solar to chemical energy are based on an understanding of the reactions’ equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions. Since the energy conversion is essentially the transfer of free energy, the process are explained in the context of thermodynamics.

Thermodynamics of Non-Equilibrium Processes for Chemists with a Particular Application to Catalysis

2009-09-26
Thermodynamics of Non-Equilibrium Processes for Chemists with a Particular Application to Catalysis

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  • Author: V. Parmon
  • Publisher: Elsevier
  • ISBN: 9780080931968
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 340

Thermodynamics of Non-Equilibrium Processes for Chemists with a Particular Application to Catalysis consists of materials adapted from lectures on the thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes that have been taught at the Department of Natural Sciences of Novosibirsk State University since 1995. The thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes traditionally required students to have a strong background in physics. However, the materials featured in this volume allow anyone with knowledge in classical thermodynamics of equilibrium processes and traditional chemical kinetics to understand the subject. Topics discussed include systems in the thermodynamics of irreversible processes; thermodynamics of systems that are close to and far from equilibrium; thermodynamics of catalysts; the application of nonequilibrium thermodynamics to material science; and the relationship between entropy and information. This book will be helpful for research into complex chemical transformations, particularly catalytic transformations. Applies simple approaches of non-equilibrium thermodynamics to analyzing properties of chemically reactive systems Covers systems far from equilibrium, allowing the consideration of most chemically reactive systems of a chemical or biological nature This approach resolves many complicated problems in the teaching of chemical kinetics

Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics

2018-11-24
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics

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  • Author: Yasar Demirel
  • Publisher: Elsevier
  • ISBN: 0444641130
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 880

Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics: Transport and Rate Processes in Physical, Chemical and Biological Systems, Fourth Edition emphasizes the unifying role of thermodynamics in analyzing natural phenomena. This updated edition expands on the third edition by focusing on the general balance equations for coupled processes of physical, chemical and biological systems. Updates include stochastic approaches, self-organization criticality, ecosystems, mesoscopic thermodynamics, constructual law, quantum thermodynamics, fluctuation theory, information theory, and modeling the coupled biochemical systems. The book also emphasizes nonequilibrium thermodynamics tools, such as fluctuation theories, mesoscopic thermodynamic analysis, information theories, and quantum thermodynamics in describing and designing small scale systems. Provides a useful text for seniors and graduate students from diverse engineering and science programs Highlights the fundamentals of equilibrium thermodynamics, transport processes and chemical reactions Expands the theory of nonequilibrium thermodynamics and its use in coupled transport processes and chemical reactions in physical, chemical and biological systems Presents a unified analysis for transport and rate processes in various time and space scales Discusses stochastic approaches in thermodynamic analysis, including fluctuation and information theories, mesoscopic nonequilibrium thermodynamics, constructal law and quantum thermodynamics

Thermodynamics of Solar Energy Conversion

2008-03-24
Thermodynamics of Solar Energy Conversion

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  • Author: Alexis De Vos
  • Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
  • ISBN: 9783527408412
  • Category : Technology & Engineering
  • Languages : de
  • Pages : 214

The physical framework used to describe the various conversions is endoreversible thermodynamics, a subset of irreversible thermodynamics. Thermodynamics of Solar Energy Conversion provides an excellent generalized introduction into principles of solar energy conversion for everybody knowing some basics of university mathematics. Described are situations which are not in equilibrium and in which entropy is continuously created, but which are nevertheless stationary. In dealing with endoreversible thermodynamics, the given information in this book enables the reader to calculate the explicit values for a broad class of processes. It is demonstrated that solar energy conversion is a process particularly suited to being described in this way. "De Vos is a wonderful storyteller" —Prof. Dr. B. Andresen

THERMOKINETICS (Synthesis of Heat Engineering Theoretical Grounds)

2010
THERMOKINETICS (Synthesis of Heat Engineering Theoretical Grounds)

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  • Author: V. A. Etkin
  • Publisher: Lulu.com
  • ISBN: 0557250404
  • Category : Energy transfer
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 336

Efficiency and Power in Energy Conversion and Storage

2018-10-10
Efficiency and Power in Energy Conversion and Storage

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  • Author: Thomas Christen
  • Publisher: CRC Press
  • ISBN: 0429845243
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 147

This textbook provides fundamental theoretical concepts for the understanding, modelling, and optimisation of energy conversion and storage devices. The discussion is based on the general footing of efficiency-power relations and energy-power relations (Ragone plots). The book is written for engineers and scientists with a bachelor-degree level of knowledge in physics.