Autism as an Executive Disorder

1997
Autism as an Executive Disorder

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  • Author: James Russell
  • Publisher: OUP Oxford
  • ISBN: 9780198523499
  • Category : Medical
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 313

Autism continues to fascinate researchers because it is both debilitating in its effects and complex in its nature and origins. The prevalent theory is that autism is primarily characterised by difficulties in understanding mental concepts, but the contributors to this book present new andcompelling arguments for an alternative theory. Their research points strongly to the idea that autism is primarily a disorder of "executive functions", those involved in the control of action and thought. As such, the book provides a new and controversial perspective on this importantquestion.

The Oxford Handbook of Autism and Co-Occurring Psychiatric Conditions

2020-03-16
The Oxford Handbook of Autism and Co-Occurring Psychiatric Conditions

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  • Author: Susan W. White
  • Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
  • ISBN: 0190910763
  • Category : Medical
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 470

Co-occurring psychiatric conditions are extremely common among people who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The Oxford Handbook of Autism and Co-Occurring Psychiatric Conditions presents a compilation of the latest research in this area, summarized by internationally renowned experts. Each chapter presents an overview of the problem or disorder including information on prevalence in ASD and in the general public and a synthesis of the research on etiology, diagnostic best practices, and evidence-based intervention approaches. Case studies bring these concepts to life, and each chapter concludes with suggestions for future research directions in order to further develop our scientific and clinical understanding of the particular comorbidity. Given the fact that comorbidity is often a chronic and pervasive concern, this Handbook takes a lifespan approach, with each chapter touching on developmental aspects of the targeted problem, from early childhood through adulthood. The concluding section of the Handbook is comprised of content on clinical considerations and research approaches, including chapters on medications commonly used to treat co-occurring conditions, strategies for managing crisis situations in this clinical population, and community partnerships within an implementation science framework.

Autism and Everyday Executive Function

2015-11-21
Autism and Everyday Executive Function

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  • Author: Paula Moraine
  • Publisher: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
  • ISBN: 1784500895
  • Category : Education
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 160

Understand and support executive function in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with this fully-explained, innovative model. Showing how to use an individual's strengths to address executive functioning weaknesses, this approach will also help to build a strong foundation for social and communication skills. Advocating a person-centred approach, the author describes the importance of identifying the individual's preferred style of engagement and communication, and how sensory experiences impact their thoughts, feelings, and actions. She explains how to use this information to identify the individual's strengths and weaknesses across eight key areas which are the building blocks of executive functions: attention; memory; organization; time management; initiative; behavior; goal setting and flexibility. These areas can be used daily to establish predictability and offer a foundation for interpreting, processing and understanding the world with flexibility. Professionals and parents can also use them as the basis of an Individualized Education Plan (IEP), or to create personalized interventions and support at school or at home.

Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS)

2011-02-01
Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS)

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  • Author: Russell A. Barkley
  • Publisher: Guilford Press
  • ISBN: 1606239341
  • Category : Psychology
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 185

The Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS) is an empirically based tool for evaluating dimensions of adult executive functioning in daily life. Evidence indicates that the BDEFS is far more predictive of impairments in major life activities than more time-consuming and costly traditional EF tests. The BDEFS offers an ecologically valid snapshot of the capacities involved in time management, organization and problem solving, self-restraint, self-motivation, and self-regulation of emotions. It comprises both self- and other-reports in a long form (15-20 minutes) and a short form (4-5 minutes). Special features include an adult ADHD risk index in the long form. Complete instructions for scoring and interpreting the scale are provided. See also the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale--Children and Adolescents (BDEFS-CA) and Barkley's authoritative book on EF development and deficits, Executive Functions. Also available: Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale--IV (BAARS-IV) and Barkley Functional Impairment Scale (BFIS for Adults). Includes Permission to Photocopy Enhancing the convenience and value of the BDEFS, the limited photocopy license allows purchasers to reproduce the forms and score sheets and yields considerable cost savings over other available scales. The large format and sturdy wire binding facilitate photocopying.

Executive Functions in Children's Everyday Lives

2017-02-09
Executive Functions in Children's Everyday Lives

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  • Author: Maureen J. Hoskyn
  • Publisher: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN: 019998087X
  • Category : Psychology
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 336

Executive Functions in Children's Everyday Lives captures the diversity and complexity of the executive system that underlies children's everyday life experiences. Acquisition of executive functions, such as interpreting communication cues and the perspectives of others, is foundational to and a function of children's early social and communicative competencies. From the soccer field to the classroom, executive functions support children's strategic thinking and control of their environment. Knowing about executive functions and how this system of cognitive resources emerges in young children is important in understanding children's development. Recent research points to the importance of also considering environmental influences on the executive system. This book is unique in its focus on how experiences in children's early lives influence and are influenced by executive functions. Viewing executive functions through this broad lens is critical for professionals who intervene when children's access to executive functions is less than optimal. This book addresses a wide range of topics, including the neurological basis of executive functions in young children, the assessment of children's executive functions, theoretical and historical conceptions of executive functions, the relations between executive functions and theory of mind, multilingualism, early school transitions, and the relationship of executive functions to Autism and ADHD. This volume will be useful to professionals in applied psychology, undergraduate and graduate students, and social science and applied researchers.

Autism and Talent

2010-03-18
Autism and Talent

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  • Author: Francesca HappĂ©
  • Publisher: OUP Oxford
  • ISBN: 0199560145
  • Category : Art
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 244

"Originating from a theme issue first published in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society. B, Biological sciences."

Handbook of Executive Functioning

2013-11-19
Handbook of Executive Functioning

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  • Author: Sam Goldstein
  • Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
  • ISBN: 1461481066
  • Category : Psychology
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 567

Planning. Attention. Memory. Self-regulation. These and other core cognitive and behavioral operations of daily life comprise what we know as executive functioning (EF). But despite all we know, the concept has engendered multiple, often conflicting definitions and its components are sometimes loosely defined and poorly understood. The Handbook of Executive Functioning cuts through the confusion, analyzing both the whole and its parts in comprehensive, practical detail for scholar and clinician alike. Background chapters examine influential models of EF, tour the brain geography of the executive system and pose salient developmental questions. A section on practical implications relates early deficits in executive functioning to ADD and other disorders in children and considers autism and later-life dementias from an EF standpoint. Further chapters weigh the merits of widely used instruments for assessing executive functioning and review interventions for its enhancement, with special emphasis on children and adolescents. Featured in the Handbook: The development of hot and cool executive function in childhood and adolescence. A review of the use of executive function tasks in externalizing and internalizing disorders. Executive functioning as a mediator of age-related cognitive decline in adults. Treatment integrity in interventions that target executive function. Supporting and strengthening working memory in the classroom to enhance executive functioning. The Handbook of Executive Functioning is an essential resource for researchers, scientist-practitioners and graduate students in clinical child, school and educational psychology; child and adolescent psychiatry; neurobiology; developmental psychology; rehabilitation medicine/therapy and social work.

Unstuck and on Target!

2018
Unstuck and on Target!

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  • Author: Lynn Cannon
  • Publisher: Brookes Publishing Company
  • ISBN: 9781681252995
  • Category : Education
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 0

The second edition of the highly successful and effective executive function curriculum, Unstuck and On Target!, isa classroom-based intervention approach for students ages 8-11 with executive function challenges, including children with ASD, ADHD, or children from lower-income households. The revised program has been streamlined and enhanced for user-friendliness and to promote child and family classroom engagement

Learning and Cognition in Autism

2013-06-29
Learning and Cognition in Autism

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  • Author: Eric Schopler
  • Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
  • ISBN: 148991286X
  • Category : Psychology
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 351

This first-of-its-kind volume describes the cognitive and educational characteristics of people with autism. Leading experts in the field contribute papers to this book, explaining intervention techniques and strategies. Parents, researchers, professionals, and clinicians interested in educating people with autism will appreciate this volume.

Young Children's Cognitive Development

2014-04-04
Young Children's Cognitive Development

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  • Author: Wolfgang Schneider
  • Publisher: Psychology Press
  • ISBN: 1135614415
  • Category : FAMILY & RELATIONSHIPS
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 327

A critical part of early childhood development is the development of "theory of mind" (ToM), which is the ability to take the perspective of another person. The main purpose of this book is to discuss and integrate findings from prominent research areas in developmental psychology that are typically studied in isolation, but are clearly related. Two examples are whether executive functions represent a precursor of ToM or whether ToM understanding predicts the development of executive functions, and to what extent children's level of verbal ability and their working memory are important predictors of performance on both executive functioning and ToM tasks. The chapters in this book give a detailed account of the major outcomes of this research. First, the state of the art concerning current understanding of the relevant constructs (working memory, ToM, executive functioning) and their developmental changes is presented, followed by chapters that deal with interactions among the core concepts. Its main focus is on theoretically important relationships among determinants of young children's cognitive development--considered to be "hot" issues in contemporary developmental psychology. Based on presentations made at an international workshop, this book is divided into two parts. In the first part, five teams of researchers present theoretical analyses and overviews of empirical evidence regarding the core constructs of memory, executive functions, and ToM. The next part deals with the interplay among the core concepts outlined in Part I with developmental trends in the interaction.