Translational Anatomy and Cell Biology of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Translational Anatomy and Cell Biology of Autism Spectrum Disorder

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  • Author: Michael J. Schmeisser
  • Publisher: Springer
  • ISBN: 3319524984
  • Category : Medical
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 211

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects approximately 1 % of the human population and is characterized by a core symptomatology including deficits in social interaction and repetitive patterns of behaviour plus various co-morbidities. Although a lot of progress has been made to uncover underlying causes and mechanisms throughout the last decade, we are still at the very beginning to understand this enormously complex neurodevelopmental condition. This special volume is focused on translational anatomy and cell biology of ASD. International experts from the field including several members of the EU-AIMS initiative launched by the European Union to develop novel treatments for ASD have contributed chapters on several topics covering all crucial aspects of translational ASD research with a special emphasis on ASD model systems including stem cells and animals. Primary objective is to clarify how anatomical and cell biological phenotypes of ASD will help to translate basic mechanisms to clinical practice and to efficiently treat affected individuals in the near future.


Autism

Autism

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  • Author:
  • Publisher: Academic Press
  • ISBN: 0128212438
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 404

Autism, Volume 173 in the Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science series, provides the most topical, informative and exciting monographs available on a wide variety of research topics. Chapters in this new release include updates on atypical brain development in autism spectrum disorder, predicting early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder using neural and behavioral measures, the roles of the endocannabinoid system in autism spectrum disorder, the neurobiology of sensory processing in autism spectrum disorder, the effects of oxytocin administration on individuals with ASD, resting-state abnormalities of posterior cingulate in autism spectrum disorder, and more. Includes comprehensive coverage of molecular biology Presents ample use of tables, diagrams, schemata and color figures to enhance the reader's ability to rapidly grasp the information provided Contains contributions from renowned experts in the field


Cellular and Molecular Biology of Autism Spectrum Disorders

Cellular and Molecular Biology of Autism Spectrum Disorders

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  • Author: Anna Strunecka
  • Publisher:
  • ISBN: 9781608053964
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 234

Over the past several decades the incidence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has increased dramatically. The etiology of ASD remains an unsolved puzzle to scientists, physicians, pediatricians, psychiatrists, and pharmacologists. This book will address what is presently known concerning the pathophysiology of ASD from a cellular and molecular perspective. Our explanation is based on the interaction between repetitive systemic immune stimulation with concomitant chronic brain activation of microglia, which leads to overstimulation of glutamate receptors and inflammatory cytokine receptors. The book will explain, for the first time, the effects of immunoexcitotoxicity on the brain development, neurophysiology, and pathology. This book will not only attempt to explain the finding in ASD, but will offer treatment proposals that address each of these mechanisms. It will also explain how previous, often successful treatment methods, may indeed operate through the immunoexcitotoxic mechanism.


Homeostatic Control of Brain Function

Homeostatic Control of Brain Function

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  • Author: Detlev Boison
  • Publisher: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN: 0199322295
  • Category : Medical
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 657

Homeostatic Control of Brain Function offers a broad view of brain health and diverse perspectives for potential treatments, targeting key areas such as mitochondria, the immune system, epigenetic changes, and regulatory molecules such as ions, neuropeptides, and neuromodulators. Loss of homeostasis becomes expressed as a diverse array of neurological disorders. Each disorder has multiple comorbidities - with some crossing over several conditions - and often disease-specific treatments remain elusive. When current pharmacological therapies result in ineffective and inadequate outcomes, therapies to restore and maintain homeostatic functions can help improve brain health, no matter the diagnosis. Employing homeostatic therapies may lead to future cures or treatments that address multiple comorbidities. In an age where brain diseases such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's are ever present, the incorporation of homeostatic techniques could successfully promote better overall brain health. Key Features include · A focus on the homeostatic controls that significantly depend on the way one lives, eats, and drinks. · Highlights from emerging research in non-pharmaceutical therapies including botanical medications, meditation, diet, and exercise. · Incorporation of homeostatic therapies into existing basic and clinical research paradigms. · Extensive scientific basic and clinical research ranging from molecules to disorders. · Emerging practical information for improving homeostasis. · Examples of homeostatic therapies in preventing and delaying dysfunction. Both editors, Detlev Boison and Susan Masino, bring their unique expertise in homeostatic research to the overall scope of this work. This book is accessible to all with an interest in brain health; scientist, clinician, student, and lay reader alike.


Reelin Glycoprotein

Reelin Glycoprotein

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  • Author: S.H. Fatemi
  • Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
  • ISBN: 0387767614
  • Category : Medical
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 473

Reelin glycoprotein is a serine protease with important roles in embryogenesis and during adult life. This comprehensive and integrative book examines the role that reelin plays in the etiology of various neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and autism. The book provides an unprecedented analysis of this emerging and novel protein by examining evidence from genetic, neuroanatomic, biochemical, and behavioral studies.


Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies

Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies

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  • Author: Jeffrey L. Noebels
  • Publisher: OUP USA
  • ISBN: 0199746540
  • Category : Medical
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 1258

Jasper's Basic Mechanisms, Fourth Edition, is the newest most ambitious and now clinically relevant publishing project to build on the four-decade legacy of the Jasper's series. In keeping with the original goal of searching for "a better understanding of the epilepsies and rational methods of prevention and treatment.", the book represents an encyclopedic compendium neurobiological mechanisms of seizures, epileptogenesis, epilepsy genetics and comordid conditions. Of practical importance to the clinician, and new to this edition are disease mechanisms of genetic epilepsies and therapeutic approaches, ranging from novel antiepileptic drug targets to cell and gene therapies.


The Oxford Handbook of Neuronal Protein Synthesis

The Oxford Handbook of Neuronal Protein Synthesis

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  • Author: Wayne S. Sossin
  • Publisher: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN: 0190686324
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 512

Translational control in the nervous system is important. Many physiological processes in the nervous system depend on accurate control of the proteome that is mediated through protein synthetic mechanisms and thus, the nervous system is very sensitive to dysregulation of translational control. The Oxford Handbook of Neuronal Protein Synthesis reviews the mechanisms of translational control used by the nervous system, as well as how important nervous system functions, such as plasticity and homeostasis, depend on accurate translational control. The handbook extensively covers how dysregulation of protein synthesis can manifest itself in many distinct pathological processes including neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative diseases. The handbook is comprehensive in its coverage of translational control mechanisms with particular focus on how these general control mechanisms are specifically utilized in the context of the cell biological constraints of the nervous system from both a mechanistic and systems perspective.


Neuronal and Synaptic Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability

Neuronal and Synaptic Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability

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  • Author: Carlo Sala
  • Publisher: Academic Press
  • ISBN: 0128005335
  • Category : Medical
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 394

Neuronal and Synaptic Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability provides the latest information on Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), the lifelong neurodevelopmental disorders that present in early childhood and affect how individuals communicate and relate to others and their surroundings. In addition, three quarters of ASD patients also manifest severe intellectual disability. Though certain genes have been implicated, ASDs remain largely a mystery, and research looking into causes and cellular deficits are crucial for better understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders. Despite the prevalence and insidious nature of this disorder, this book remains to be an extensive resource of information and background on the state of current research in the field. The book serves as a reference for this purpose, and discusses the crucial role synaptic activity plays in proper brain function. In addition, the volume discusses the neurodevelopmental synaptopathies and serves as a resource for scientists and clinicians in all biomedical science specialties. This research has been crucial for recent studies that have provided a rationale for the development of pharmacological agents able to counteract functional synaptic anomalies and potentially ameliorate some ASD symptoms. Introduces the genetic and non-genetic causes of autism and associated intellectual disabilities Describes the genes implicated in autistic spectrum disorders and their function Considers major individual genetic causes of autism, Rett syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, and other autism spectrum disorders, as well as their classification as synaptopathies Presents a thorough discussion of the clinical aspects of multiple neurodevelopmental disorders and the experimental models that exist to study their pathophysiology in vitro and in vivo, including animal models and patient-derived stem cell culture


Cognitive Plasticity in Neurologic Disorders

Cognitive Plasticity in Neurologic Disorders

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  • Author: Joseph I. Tracy
  • Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
  • ISBN: 0199965242
  • Category : Medical
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 433

This volume makes clear that the cognitive and behavioural symptoms of neurologic disorders and syndromes are dynamic and changing. Each chapter describes the neuroplastic processes at work in a particular condition, giving rise to these ongoing cognitive changes.


Conn's Translational Neuroscience

Conn's Translational Neuroscience

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  • Author: P. Michael Conn
  • Publisher: Academic Press
  • ISBN: 0128025964
  • Category : Medical
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 776

Conn’s Translational Neuroscience provides a comprehensive overview reflecting the depth and breadth of the field of translational neuroscience, with input from a distinguished panel of basic and clinical investigators. Progress has continued in understanding the brain at the molecular, anatomic, and physiological levels in the years following the 'Decade of the Brain,' with the results providing insight into the underlying basis of many neurological disease processes. This book alternates scientific and clinical chapters that explain the basic science underlying neurological processes and then relates that science to the understanding of neurological disorders and their treatment. Chapters cover disorders of the spinal cord, neuronal migration, the autonomic nervous system, the limbic system, ocular motility, and the basal ganglia, as well as demyelinating disorders, stroke, dementia and abnormalities of cognition, congenital chromosomal and genetic abnormalities, Parkinson's disease, nerve trauma, peripheral neuropathy, aphasias, sleep disorders, and myasthenia gravis. In addition to concise summaries of the most recent biochemical, physiological, anatomical, and behavioral advances, the chapters summarize current findings on neuronal gene expression and protein synthesis at the molecular level. Authoritative and comprehensive, Conn’s Translational Neuroscience provides a fully up-to-date and readily accessible guide to brain functions at the cellular and molecular level, as well as a clear demonstration of their emerging diagnostic and therapeutic importance. Provides a fully up-to-date and readily accessible guide to brain functions at the cellular and molecular level, while also clearly demonstrating their emerging diagnostic and therapeutic importance Features contributions from leading global basic and clinical investigators in the field Provides a great resource for researchers and practitioners interested in the basic science underlying neurological processes Relates and translates the current science to the understanding of neurological disorders and their treatment