Teaching Machines

Teaching Machines

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  • Author: Audrey Watters
  • Publisher: MIT Press
  • ISBN: 0262363755
  • Category : Education
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 325

How ed tech was born: Twentieth-century teaching machines--from Sidney Pressey's mechanized test-giver to B. F. Skinner's behaviorist bell-ringing box. Contrary to popular belief, ed tech did not begin with videos on the internet. The idea of technology that would allow students to "go at their own pace" did not originate in Silicon Valley. In Teaching Machines, education writer Audrey Watters offers a lively history of predigital educational technology, from Sidney Pressey's mechanized positive-reinforcement provider to B. F. Skinner's behaviorist bell-ringing box. Watters shows that these machines and the pedagogy that accompanied them sprang from ideas--bite-sized content, individualized instruction--that had legs and were later picked up by textbook publishers and early advocates for computerized learning. Watters pays particular attention to the role of the media--newspapers, magazines, television, and film--in shaping people's perceptions of teaching machines as well as the psychological theories underpinning them. She considers these machines in the context of education reform, the political reverberations of Sputnik, and the rise of the testing and textbook industries. She chronicles Skinner's attempts to bring his teaching machines to market, culminating in the famous behaviorist's efforts to launch Didak 101, the "pre-verbal" machine that taught spelling. (Alternate names proposed by Skinner include "Autodidak," "Instructomat," and "Autostructor.") Telling these somewhat cautionary tales, Watters challenges what she calls "the teleology of ed tech"--the idea that not only is computerized education inevitable, but technological progress is the sole driver of events.


Teaching Machines

Teaching Machines

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  • Author: Bill Ferster
  • Publisher: JHU Press
  • ISBN: 1421415410
  • Category : Education
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 216

Technology promises to make learning better, cheaper, faster—but rarely has it kept that promise. The allure of educational technology is easy to understand. Classroom instruction is an expensive and time-consuming process fraught with contradictory theories and frustratingly uneven results. Educators, inspired by machines’ contributions to modern life, have been using technology to facilitate teaching for centuries. In Teaching Machines, Bill Ferster examines past attempts to automate instruction from the earliest use of the postal service for distance education to the current maelstrom surrounding Massive Open Online Courses. He tells the stories of the entrepreneurs and visionaries who, beginning in the colonial era, developed and promoted various instructional technologies. Ferster touches on a wide range of attempts to enhance the classroom experience with machines, from hornbooks, the Chautauqua movement, and correspondence courses to B. F. Skinner’s teaching machine, intelligent tutoring systems, and eLearning. The famed progressive teachers, researchers, and administrators that the book highlights often overcame substantial hurdles to implement their ideas, but not all of them succeeded in improving the quality of education. Teaching Machines provides invaluable new insight into our current debate over the efficacy of educational technology.


Programmed Learning in Perspective

Programmed Learning in Perspective

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  • Author: I. K. Davies
  • Publisher: Transaction Publishers
  • ISBN: 0202368270
  • Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 222

The method of programming outlined in this book represents a major contribution to the growing body of literature in programmed learning. It is the first book in the field to present a carefully designed, complete and integrated system for analyzing, organizing and structuring learning materials in programmed form. Application of the system is illustrated through the step-by-step construction of two short programs. Starting with the analysis of the syllabus and course content, the authors take the reader through each phase of the programming process gathering and organizing the content material, construction of the program matrix and flow diagram and finally, the writing of frames. Every teacher and trainer can benefit from the application of this method to lesson plan preparation and to classroom teaching techniques. Such a method is essential, for all those who are writing programmed materials. In a new computer age classroom environment, programmed learning can be especially beneficial. C. A. Thomas, I. K. Davies, D. Openshaw, and J. B. Bird are instructors or directors at the British Royal Air Force School of Education. They are pioneers in the application of programmed learning in Britain and are highly regarded as forward looking and creative educational research workers. Their accomplishments include, in addition to this ingenious book, the design and development of the Empirical Tutor, one of Britain's major teaching machines, and the publication of a number of technical papers in the field of programmed learning. Lawrence M. Stolurow is professor emeritus of psychological & quantitative foundations at the University of Iowa.


Advanced Educational Technology 2 Vols. Set

Advanced Educational Technology 2 Vols. Set

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  • Author: Ram Nath Sharma, S.S. Chandra
  • Publisher: Atlantic Publishers & Dist
  • ISBN: 9788126903221
  • Category : Educational technology
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 298

The Book Highlights As To How Educational Technology Helps In Making Education More Productive, Powerful And Suitable. An Attempt Has Been Made In This Book To Bridge The Gap Between Traditional And Modern Approaches Of Teaching And Learning And Thus Making Fresh Teachers Really Effective And Efficient By Equipping Them With Practical Teaching Skills And Qualities Of Creative Teaching.The Book Deals With Technology Of Instruction : Methods, Strategies, Audio-Visual Aids, Mass-Media And Multi-Media In Education. It Is Comprehensive Enough To Meet The Requirements Of Syllabi For B.Ed. And M.Ed. Courses Of All The Indian Universities. It Comprises Chapters On Teaching Variables, Phases And Operation, Levels Of Teaching, Maxims And Principles Of Successful Teaching, Instructional Objectives, Interaction Analysis, Instructional Designs, Communication Strategies, General Techniques Of Teaching, Methodology Of Teaching And Instructional Strategies, Asking Questions And Receiving Answers, Teaching Management : Planning, Leading And Controlling, Field Trips And Utilisation Of Community Resources, Project Strategy, Programmed Learning, Micro Teaching And Simulation Teaching, The Problem Solving Method, Teaching Machines And Computer, Techniques For Higher Learning, Team Teaching, Audio-Visual Aids In Education, Teaching By Modelling, Mass-Media And Multi-Media In Education, The School Museum And Exhibition, Laboratory, Institutional Planning, Lesson Planning And Open Or Distance Education Technology.Written In Lucid And Simple Language With Matter Drawn From Authentic Sources And Constant Reference To Indian Situations, This Book Is A Must For The Pupil-Teachers As Well As B.Ed. And M.Ed. Students. It Will Serve As A Guide To All Those Who Are Engaged In The Field Of Education. In Addition To This, The Book Will Greatly Inspire Teachers, Educationists, Parents, Education Administrators, Conscious Citizens And General Readers Because It Contains Upto Date Knowledge On All Aspects Of Advanced Educational Technology.


B. F. Skinner

B. F. Skinner

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  • Author: Marc Richelle
  • Publisher: Psychology Press
  • ISBN: 9780863773914
  • Category : Psychology
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 260

B.F. Skinner has been praised as one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century, but was also attacked by a variety of opponents within and outside the field of psychology.


Teaching Machines and Programmed Learning

Teaching Machines and Programmed Learning

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  • Author: R. D. Gee
  • Publisher:
  • ISBN:
  • Category : Programmed instruction
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 78


Toward Improved Learning

Toward Improved Learning

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  • Author: United States. Public Health Service. Audiovisual Facility
  • Publisher:
  • ISBN:
  • Category : Medicine
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 436


Source Materials for Secondary School Teachers of Foreign Languages

Source Materials for Secondary School Teachers of Foreign Languages

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  • Author: Esther May Eaton
  • Publisher:
  • ISBN:
  • Category : Languages, Modern
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 32


Encyclopedia of Distance Learning

Encyclopedia of Distance Learning

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  • Author: Howard, Caroline
  • Publisher: IGI Global
  • ISBN: 1591405548
  • Category : Law
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 2418

"This encyclopedia offers the most comprehensive coverage of the issues, concepts, trends, and technologies of distance learning. More than 450 international contributors from over 50 countries"--Provided by publisher.


Essentials of Educational Technology, 3rd Edition

Essentials of Educational Technology, 3rd Edition

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  • Author: J.C. Aggarwal
  • Publisher: Vikas Publishing House
  • ISBN: 9325976153
  • Category : Education
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 504

Specially designed as a standard text for teacher training colleges, this book is essentially 'student-centred' and 'examination-oriented'. It has stood the test of time as it fully meets the changing needs of the students preparing for BEd, LT, BT and BA (Edu) examinations, and provides a comprehensive treatment of all topics on which questions are usually asked. The book aims at enabling students not only to have a complete grasp of the concepts, but also obtain maximum marks in the examinations. Practical approach of the book also makes it useful for in-service programmes for various categories of personnel in education, and its authoritative coverage makes it relevant in the Middle-East and South-East Asian countries. Readers will find it a trustworthy friend, philosopher and guide. The third edition accounts for the advances in technology during the last seven years (when this book was last revised) as also the changing educational system. NEW IN THE THIRD EDITION • Additional chapters on: ● Hardware Technology, Audio Visual Aids and Media in Education ● Computer and Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) ● Software, Courseware Development and Design Considerations ● Internet and I-learning • Enlargement and subsequent splitting of the chapter on Mass Media into Mass Media-I and Mass Media-II—the second part to focus on TV • Augmented question bank at the end of chapters that includes objective-type questions, like MCQs and Fill in the blanks • Improved readability and presentation