Scientists and the Sea, 1650–1900

2018-04-17
Scientists and the Sea, 1650–1900

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  • Author: Margaret Deacon
  • Publisher: Routledge
  • ISBN: 1351901575
  • Category : History
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 504

Scientists and the Sea is a history of how the scientific study of the sea has developed over a period of nearly 2500 years. Beginning with the speculations of Greek philosophers it carries the story forward, showing how curiosity about the ocean appeared in many different forms and locations before, in the late 19th century, the first deep-sea researches heralded the foundation of the science known today as oceanography. Originally published in 1971, this book has never been superseded as the most comprehensive and wide-ranging treatment of the emergence of marine science within the western scientific tradition. After three introductory chapters dealing with knowledge up to the Renaissance, the main part of the work shows how pioneers of scientific observation at sea during the 17th and 18th centuries made notable discoveries, but that it was not until the middle of the 19th century when, aided by the advance of technology, scientists were able to undertake the first explorations of the ocean depths. This second edition contains a new introduction and bibliography.

Science on a Mission

2021-04-19
Science on a Mission

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  • Author: Naomi Oreskes
  • Publisher: University of Chicago Press
  • ISBN: 022673241X
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 749

A vivid portrait of how Naval oversight shaped American oceanography, revealing what difference it makes who pays for science. What difference does it make who pays for science? Some might say none. If scientists seek to discover fundamental truths about the world, and they do so in an objective manner using well-established methods, then how could it matter who’s footing the bill? History, however, suggests otherwise. In science, as elsewhere, money is power. Tracing the recent history of oceanography, Naomi Oreskes discloses dramatic changes in American ocean science since the Cold War, uncovering how and why it changed. Much of it has to do with who pays. After World War II, the US military turned to a new, uncharted theater of warfare: the deep sea. The earth sciences—particularly physical oceanography and marine geophysics—became essential to the US Navy, which poured unprecedented money and logistical support into their study. Science on a Mission brings to light how this influx of military funding was both enabling and constricting: it resulted in the creation of important domains of knowledge but also significant, lasting, and consequential domains of ignorance. As Oreskes delves into the role of patronage in the history of science, what emerges is a vivid portrait of how naval oversight transformed what we know about the sea. It is a detailed, sweeping history that illuminates the ways funding shapes the subject, scope, and tenor of scientific work, and it raises profound questions about the purpose and character of American science. What difference does it make who pays? The short answer is: a lot.

A to Z of Marine Scientists

2003
A to Z of Marine Scientists

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  • Author: Barbara Charton
  • Publisher: Infobase Publishing
  • ISBN: 1438109202
  • Category : Marine scientists
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 241

Profiles more than 150 scientists from around the world who made important contributions to the field of marine science, including George Bass, Viktor Hensen, Arnold Lang, and Marie Tharp.

Sea Change

2015-05-19
Sea Change

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  • Author: National Research Council
  • Publisher: National Academies Press
  • ISBN: 0309366917
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 98

Ocean science connects a global community of scientists in many disciplines - physics, chemistry, biology, geology and geophysics. New observational and computational technologies are transforming the ability of scientists to study the global ocean with a more integrated and dynamic approach. This enhanced understanding of the ocean is becoming ever more important in an economically and geopolitically connected world, and contributes vital information to policy and decision makers charged with addressing societal interests in the ocean. Science provides the knowledge necessary to realize the benefits and manage the risks of the ocean. Comprehensive understanding of the global ocean is fundamental to forecasting and managing risks from severe storms, adapting to the impacts of climate change, and managing ocean resources. In the United States, the National Science Foundation (NSF) is the primary funder of the basic research which underlies advances in our understanding of the ocean. Sea Change addresses the strategic investments necessary at NSF to ensure a robust ocean scientific enterprise over the next decade. This survey provides guidance from the ocean sciences community on research and facilities priorities for the coming decade and makes recommendations for funding priorities.

Neptune's Laboratory

2019
Neptune's Laboratory

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  • Author: Antony Adler
  • Publisher:
  • ISBN: 0674972015
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 257

We have long been fascinated with the oceans and sought "to pierce the profundity" of their depths. But the history of marine science also tells us a lot about ourselves. Antony Adler explores the ways in which scientists, politicians, and the public have invoked ocean environments in imagining the fate of humanity and of the planet.

Fathoming the Ocean

2009-06-30
Fathoming the Ocean

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  • Author: Helen M Rozwadowski
  • Publisher: Harvard University Press
  • ISBN: 0674266889
  • Category : Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 300

“[An] amiable, in-depth examination of the most critical era for the development of modern oceanography” (Publishers Weekly). In a history at once scientific and cultural, Helen Rozwadowski shows us how the Western imagination awoke to the ocean's possibilities?in maritime novels, in the popular hobby of marine biology, in the youthful sport of yachting, and in the laying of a trans-Atlantic telegraph cable. The ocean emerged as important new territory, and scientific interests intersected with those of merchant-industrialists and politicians. Rozwadowski documents the popular crazes that coincided with these interests?from children's sailor suits to the home aquarium and the surge in ocean travel. She describes how, beginning in the 1860s, oceanography moved from yachts onto the decks of oceangoing vessels, and landlubber naturalists found themselves navigating the routines of a working ship's physical and social structures. Fathoming the Ocean offers a rare and engaging look into our fascination with the deep sea and into the origins of oceanography?origins still visible in a science that focuses the efforts of physicists, chemists, geologists, biologists, and engineers on the common enterprise of understanding a vast, three-dimensional, alien space. “Rozwadowski greatly expands our own understanding, all while telling a story that is original, wide-ranging, and illuminating.” —Margaret Deacon, Southampton Oceanography Centre, author of Science and the Sea: The Origins of Oceanography “Required reading for anyone wanting to understand how the oceans have come to play the role that they do in Western knowledge.” —Eric L. Mills, Dalhousie University and author of Biological Oceanography: An Early History, 1870-1960 “Chronicles the birth of deep-sea oceanography, from early observations by Benjamin Franklin to the voyage of HMS Challenger in the 1870s. [Rozwadowski] weaves a rich narrative from the world of renowned as well as lesser-known oceanographers.” —Nature

Sea Turtle Scientist

2014
Sea Turtle Scientist

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  • Author: Stephen R. Swinburne
  • Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
  • ISBN: 0547367554
  • Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 85

This compelling addition to the award-winning Scientists in the Field series explores the leatherback sea turtle's remarkable natural history and recounts the extraordinary efforts being made by scientists trying to save them. 15,000 first printing.

Scientists-in-the-sea

1972
Scientists-in-the-sea

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  • Author: United States. Department of the Interior
  • Publisher:
  • ISBN:
  • Category : Marine biology
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 620

Scientists and the sea 1650-1900

1971
Scientists and the sea 1650-1900

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  • Author: Margaret Deacon
  • Publisher:
  • ISBN:
  • Category :
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 0

Conservation for the Anthropocene Ocean

2017-06-01
Conservation for the Anthropocene Ocean

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  • Author: Phillip S. Levin
  • Publisher: Academic Press
  • ISBN: 012809298X
  • Category : Medical
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 530

Conservation for the Anthropocene Ocean: Interdisciplinary Science in Support of Nature and People emphasizes strategies to better connect the practice of marine conservation with the needs and priorities of a growing global human population. It conceptualizes nature and people as part of shared ecosystems, with interdisciplinary methodologies and science-based applications for coupled sustainability. A central challenge facing conservation is the development of practical means for addressing the interconnectedness of ecosystem health and human well-being, advancing the fundamental interdisciplinary science that underlies conservation practice, and implementing this science in decisions to manage, preserve, and restore ocean ecosystems. Though humans have intentionally and unintentionally reshaped their environments for thousands of years, the scale and scope of human influence upon the oceans in the Anthropocene is unprecedented. Ocean science has increased our knowledge of the threats and impacts to ecological integrity, yet the unique scale and scope of changes increases uncertainty about responses of dynamic socio-ecological systems. Thus, to understand and protect the biodiversity of the ocean and ameliorate the negative impacts of ocean change on people, it is critical to understand human beliefs, values, behaviors, and impacts. Conversely, on a human-dominated planet, it is impossible to understand and address human well-being and chart a course for sustainable use of the oceans without understanding the implications of environmental change for human societies that depend on marine ecosystems and resources. This work therefore presents a timely, needed, and interdisciplinary approach to the conservation of our oceans. Helps marine conservation scientists apply principles from oceanography, ecology, anthropology, economics, political science, and other natural and social sciences to manage and preserve marine biodiversity Facilitates understanding of how and why social and environmental processes are coupled in the quest to achieve healthy and sustainable oceans Uses a combination of expository material, practical approaches, and forward-looking theoretical discussions to enhance value for readers as they consider conservation research, management and planning