Parity of the Sexes

Parity of the Sexes

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  • Author: Sylviane Agacinski
  • Publisher: Columbia University Press
  • ISBN: 9780231115674
  • Category : Philosophy
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 236

Agacinski's articulation of the theory of "parity" helped inspire a law that went into effect in May 2000 requiring France's political parties to fill 50 percent of the candidacies in every race with women. Agacinski's model of parity does not strive for the nebulous ideal of "equality" between the sexes; instead, it demands a concrete formula for political contests: an equal number of female and male candidates in every election. This theory that has sparked impassioned debate across France and around the globe.


There Are Two Sexes

There Are Two Sexes

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  • Author: Antoinette Fouque
  • Publisher: Columbia University Press
  • ISBN: 0231538383
  • Category : Philosophy
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 350

Antoinette Fouque cofounded the Mouvement de Libération des Femmes (MLF) in France in 1968 and spearheaded its celebrated Psychanalyse et Politique, a research group that informed the cultural and intellectual heart of French feminism. Rather than reject Freud's discoveries on the pretext of their phallocentrism, Fouque sought to enrich his thought by more clearly defining the difference between the sexes and affirming the existence of a female libido. By recognizing women's contribution to humanity, Fouque hoped "uterus envy," which she saw as the mainspring of misogyny, could finally give way to gratitude and by associating procreation with women's liberation she advanced the goal of a parity-based society in which men and women could write a new human contract. The essays, lectures, and dialogues in this volume finally allow English-speaking readers to access the breadth of Fouque's creativity and activism. Touching on issues in history and biography, politics and psychoanalysis, Fouque recounts her experiences running the first women's publishing house in Europe; supporting women under threat, such as Aung San Suu Kyi, Taslima Nasrin, and Nawal El Saadaoui; and serving as deputy in the European Parliament. Her theoretical explorations discuss the ongoing development of feminology, a field she initiated, and, while she celebrates the progress women have made over the past four decades, she also warns against the trends of counterliberation: the feminization of poverty, the persistence of sexual violence, and the rise of religious fundamentalism.


Accidental Feminism

Accidental Feminism

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  • Author: Swethaa S. Ballakrishnen
  • Publisher: Princeton University Press
  • ISBN: 069119999X
  • Category : Social Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 288

Exploring the unintentional production of seemingly feminist outcomes In India, elite law firms offer a surprising oasis for women within a hostile, predominantly male industry. Less than 10 percent of the country’s lawyers are female, but women in the most prestigious firms are significantly represented both at entry and partnership. Elite workspaces are notorious for being unfriendly to new actors, so what allows for aberration in certain workspaces? Drawing from observations and interviews with more than 130 elite professionals, Accidental Feminism examines how a range of underlying mechanisms—gendered socialization and essentialism, family structures and dynamics, and firm and regulatory histories—afford certain professionals egalitarian outcomes that are not available to their local and global peers. Juxtaposing findings on the legal profession with those on elite consulting firms, Swethaa Ballakrishnen reveals that parity arises not from a commitment to create feminist organizations, but from structural factors that incidentally come together to do gender differently. Simultaneously, their research offers notes of caution: while conditional convergence may create equality in ways that more targeted endeavors fail to achieve, “accidental” developments are hard to replicate, and are, in this case, buttressed by embedded inequalities. Ballakrishnen examines whether gender parity produced without institutional sanction should still be considered feminist. In offering new ways to think about equality movements and outcomes, Accidental Feminism forces readers to critically consider the work of intention in progress narratives.


Sex and World Peace

Sex and World Peace

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  • Author: Valerie M. Hudson
  • Publisher: Columbia University Press
  • ISBN: 0231555687
  • Category : Social Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 205

Sex and World Peace is a groundbreaking demonstration that the security of women is a vital factor in the occurrence of conflict and war, unsettling a wide range of assumptions in political and security discourse. Harnessing an immense amount of data, it relates microlevel violence against women and macrolevel state peacefulness across global settings. The authors find that the treatment of women informs human interaction at all levels of society. They call attention to the adverse effects on state security of sex-based inequities such as sex ratios favoring males, the practice of polygamy, and lax enforcement of national laws protecting women. Their research challenges conventional definitions of security and democracy and common understandings of the causes of world events. The book considers a range of ways to remedy these injustices, including top-down and bottom-up approaches to redressing violence against women and the lack of sex parity in decision-making. Advocating a state responsibility to protect women, the authors campaign against women’s systemic insecurity, which threatens the security of all. Sex and World Peace has been a go-to book for instructors, advocates, and policy makers since its publication in 2012. Since then, there have been major changes in world affairs, including the #MeToo movement, as well as advances in both theoretical and empirical literature surrounding the subject. This second edition, which adds coauthors Rose McDermott and Donna Lee Bowen alongside Valerie M. Hudson and Mary Caprioli, revises and updates the book for a new generation. The book retains its foundational overview of the relationship between women’s oppression and war, enhanced by fresh data and new material covering recent developments for global women’s rights and analysis of additional examples of gender and conflict throughout the world.


Parité!

Parité!

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  • Author: Joan Wallach Scott
  • Publisher: University of Chicago Press
  • ISBN: 0226741095
  • Category : Social Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 204

France today is in the throes of a crisis about whether to represent social differences within its political system and, if so, how. It is a crisis defined by the rhetoric of a universalism that takes the abstract individual to be the representative not only of citizens but also of the nation. In Parité! Joan Wallach Scott shows how the requirement for abstraction has led to the exclusion of women from French politics. During the 1990s, le mouvement pour la parité successfully campaigned for women's inclusion in elective office with an argument that is unprecedented in the annals of feminism. The paritaristes insisted that if the abstract individual were thought of as sexed, then sexual difference would no longer be a relevant consideration in politics. Scott insists that this argument was neither essentialist nor separatist; it was not about women's special qualities or interests. Instead, parité was rigorously universalist—and for that reason was both misunderstood and a source of heated debate.


Gender Parity and Multicultural Feminism

Gender Parity and Multicultural Feminism

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  • Author: Ruth Rubio-Marín
  • Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
  • ISBN: 0198829620
  • Category : Philosophy
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 297

This volume explores the connection between gender parity and multicultural feminism, both at the level of theory and in practice.


Intentioning

Intentioning

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  • Author: Gloria Feldt
  • Publisher: Simon and Schuster
  • ISBN: 1637630166
  • Category : Business & Economics
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 210

Intentioning by best-selling author Gloria Feldt will help you envision the life and career you might have thought were impossible dreams, then give you the courage and actionable tools to achieve them. In the wake of the coronavirus pandemic and a pandemic of racial injustice that together shook our world to its core and revealed deep fault lines in our culture, Gloria Feldt, New York Times best-selling author, speaker, commentator, international leadership expert, successful CEO, and feminist icon, shows how we can seize the once-in-a-lifetime opportunity created by massive disruption to build back stronger with diverse women at the center of the recovery. In Intentioning: Sex, Power, Pandemics, and How Women Will Take The Lead for (Everyone’s) Good, Feldt inspires diverse women to embrace their personal power to lead with intention, confidence, and joy. It comes as no surprise to her that women flexed their formidable muscles when needed most, representing a disproportionate number of essential workers during the darkest days of the coronavirus global outbreak and leading the charge against racism in the United States. But this book is decidedly about the future, taking the leadership lessons learned from this disruption and creating a better world for all. Feldt not only unveils the next step in advancing gender parity in all spheres of business and life, but she also lays out the vital next steps in the overall advancement of our economy and our civilization. The “Lead Like a Woman” framework and the “9 Leadership Intentioning Tools” she presents in this book will prepare, motivate, and propel women of all diversities and intersectionalities now so that by 2025, women will have attained their fair and equal share of leadership positions across all sectors of industry and society. We simply cannot squander women’s talents when so much hangs in the balance. Women must be at the vanguard of reimagining and reconstructing a vibrant and sustainable future for us all.


In the Way of Women

In the Way of Women

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  • Author: Cynthia Cockburn
  • Publisher: Cornell University Press
  • ISBN: 1501722581
  • Category : Political Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 269

How are men responding to feminism? In particular, at work dealing with the challenge to their power and privilege represented by positive action for sex equality? The 1980s saw many organizations, from major companies to left-wing local councils, take action to improve women's chances. The research on which this book is based evaluates the part of men in the equality process. The author demonstrates the social mechanisms through which women's aspirations for change are thwarted and draws lessons from experience for feminist activism in organizations in the 1990s.


The First Political Order

The First Political Order

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  • Author: Valerie M. Hudson
  • Publisher: Columbia University Press
  • ISBN: 0231550936
  • Category : Political Science
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 657

Global history records an astonishing variety of forms of social organization. Yet almost universally, males subordinate females. How does the relationship between men and women shape the wider political order? The First Political Order is a groundbreaking demonstration that the persistent and systematic subordination of women underlies all other institutions, with wide-ranging implications for global security and development. Incorporating research findings spanning a variety of social science disciplines and comprehensive empirical data detailing the status of women around the globe, the book shows that female subordination functions almost as a curse upon nations. A society’s choice to subjugate women has significant negative consequences: worse governance, worse conflict, worse stability, worse economic performance, worse food security, worse health, worse demographic problems, worse environmental protection, and worse social progress. Yet despite the pervasive power of social and political structures that subordinate women, history—and the data—reveal possibilities for progress. The First Political Order shows that when steps are taken to reduce the hold of inequitable laws, customs, and practices, outcomes for all improve. It offers a new paradigm for understanding insecurity, instability, autocracy, and violence, explaining what the international community can do now to promote more equitable relations between men and women and, thereby, security and peace. With comprehensive empirical evidence of the wide-ranging harm of subjugating women, it is an important book for security scholars, social scientists, policy makers, historians, and advocates for women worldwide.


Global Gender Constitutionalism and Women's Citizenship

Global Gender Constitutionalism and Women's Citizenship

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  • Author: Ruth Rubio-Marin
  • Publisher: Cambridge University Press
  • ISBN: 1107177022
  • Category : Law
  • Languages : en
  • Pages : 405

Considers whether and how constitutions have affirmed women's equal citizenship status, from the birth of constitutionalism to the present.