PDF Microemulsions as Stepping Stones to Greener Organic Chemistry Download
- Author: Nadja Wulff
- Publisher:
- ISBN: 9783954049097
- Category :
- Languages : en
- Pages : 166
Microemulsions as stepping stones to greener organic chemistry
PDF Microemulsions as stepping stones to greener organic chemistry Download
- Author: Nadja Wulff
- Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
- ISBN: 373694909X
- Category : Science
- Languages : en
- Pages : 166
In organic chemistry the simultaneous solubility of hydrophobic and hydrophilic reactants in a common solvent is an ubiquitous problem. Often either an expensive or a toxic solvent is needed. Alternatively, polar and non polar components are mixed into macroemulsions permitting them to react across the internal interface. However, macroemulsions display a comparatively small interfacial area. Thus, the reaction rate is low. Microemulsions feature an inherent vast interfacial area which facilitates significantly higher reaction rates. Furthermore, they allow a rather simple monitoring of the reaction kinetics by observing changes in the phase behavior. In this work the advantages of microemulsions as efficient reaction media for the photochemically induced Paternò Büchi reaction of pyruvic acid and 1 octene are elucidated. The amphiphilic reaction product 3 hexyl 2 methyloxetane 2 carboxylic acid influences the phase behavior of the microemulsion system significantly. With increasing UV exposure time the point of highest efficiency was shifted to lower temperatures and, interestingly, an increase of efficiency was detected. Hence, the newly created amphiphile acts as an efficient, hydrophobic cosurfactant. Additionally, with small angle neutron scattering and freeze fracture electron microscopy it was shown that the bicontinuous microstructure survives the UV irradiation. Another route towards green organic chemistry was opened by characterization of two new sustainable biosurfactants (mannosylerythritollipids (MEL) and cellobioselipids (CL)) in microemulsions.
Molecular Imaging
PDF Molecular Imaging Download
- Author: Brian D. Ross
- Publisher: Academic Press
- ISBN: 0128163879
- Category : Science
- Languages : en
- Pages : 1872
The detection and measurement of the dynamic regulation and interactions of cells and proteins within the living cell are critical to the understanding of cellular biology and pathophysiology. The multidisciplinary field of molecular imaging of living subjects continues to expand with dramatic advances in chemistry, molecular biology, therapeutics, engineering, medical physics and biomedical applications. Molecular Imaging: Principles and Practice, Volumes 1 and 2, Second Edition provides the first point of entry for physicians, scientists, and practitioners. This authoritative reference book provides a comprehensible overview along with in-depth presentation of molecular imaging concepts, technologies and applications making it the foremost source for both established and new investigators, collaborators, students and anyone interested in this exciting and important field. The most authoritative and comprehensive resource available in the molecular-imaging field, written by over 170 of the leading scientists from around the world who have evaluated and summarized the most important methods, principles, technologies and data Concepts illustrated with over 600 color figures and molecular-imaging examples Chapters/topics include, artificial intelligence and machine learning, use of online social media, virtual and augmented reality, optogenetics, FDA regulatory process of imaging agents and devices, emerging instrumentation, MR elastography, MR fingerprinting, operational radiation safety, multiscale imaging and uses in drug development This edition is packed with innovative science, including theranostics, light sheet fluorescence microscopy, (LSFM), mass spectrometry imaging, combining in vitro and in vivo diagnostics, Raman imaging, along with molecular and functional imaging applications Valuable applications of molecular imaging in pediatrics, oncology, autoimmune, cardiovascular and CNS diseases are also presented This resource helps integrate diverse multidisciplinary concepts associated with molecular imaging to provide readers with an improved understanding of current and future applications
Nanotechnology in Biology and Medicine
PDF Nanotechnology in Biology and Medicine Download
- Author: Pradipta Ranjan Rauta
- Publisher: CRC Press
- ISBN: 0429521545
- Category : Medical
- Languages : en
- Pages : 273
Nanotechnology in biology and medicine: Research advancements & future perspectives is focused to provide an interdisciplinary, integrative overview on the developments made in nanotechnology till date along with the ongoing trends and the future prospects. It presents the basics, fundamental results/current applications and latest achievements on nanobiotechnological researches worldwide scientific era. One of the major goals of this book is to highlight the multifaceted issues on or surrounding of nanotechnology on the basis of case studies, academic and theoretical articles, technology transfer (patents and copyrights), innovation, economics and policy management. Moreover, a large variety of nanobio-analytical methods are presented as a core asset to the early career researchers. This book has been designed for scientists, academician, students and entrepreneurs engaged in nanotechnology research and development. Nonetheless, it should be of interest to a variety of scientific disciplines including agriculture, medicine, drug and food material sciences and consumer products. Features It provides a thoroughly comprehensive overview of all major aspects of nanobiotechnology, considering the technology, applications, and socio-economic context It integrates physics, biology, and chemistry of nanosystems It reflects the state-of-the-art in nanotechnological research (biomedical, food, agriculture) It presents the application of nanotechnology in biomedical field including diagnostics and therapeutics (drug discovery, screening and delivery) It also discusses research involving gene therapy, cancer nanotheranostics, nano sensors, lab-on-a-chip techniques, etc. It provides the information about health risks of nanotechnology and potential remedies. It offers a timely forum for peer-reviewed research with extensive references within each chapter
ERDA Energy Research Abstracts
Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal
Transactions of the Society of Petroleum Engineers
Nanoscience for the Conservation of Works of Art
PDF Nanoscience for the Conservation of Works of Art Download
- Author: Piero Baglioni
- Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
- ISBN: 1782626085
- Category : Technology & Engineering
- Languages : en
- Pages : 597
Understanding the chemistry behind works of art and heritage materials presents an opportunity to apply scientific techniques to their conservation and restoration. Manipulation of materials at the nanoscale affords greater accuracy and minimal disturbance to the original work, while efficiently combating the affects of time and environment. This book meets the growing demand for an all-encompassing handbook to instruct on the use of today's science on mankind's cultural heritage. The editors have pioneered modern techniques in art conservation over the last four decades, and have brought together expertise from across the globe. Each chapter presents the theoretical background to the topic in question, followed by practical information on its application and relevant case studies. Introductory chapters present the science behind the physical composition of art materials. Four chapters explore various cleaning techniques now, followed by four chapters describing the application of inorganic nanomaterials. Each chapter is fully referenced to the primary literature and offers suggestions for further reading. Professional conservators and scientists alike will find this essential reading, as will postgraduate students in the fields of materials and colloid science, art restoration and nanoscience.
